Cosmetic films

ABSTRACT

The present invention includes a cosmetic film. The film includes butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide, one or more primary film forming polymers and one or more secondary film forming resins.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to compositions useful as cosmetic filmsformed from plasticizers alternative to replace phthalates. Thecompositions herein are particularly useful as coatings for mammaliannails, and are useful as basecoat, topcoat and colored nail polishcompositions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Nail polish compositions have long been promoted as having long wear,good adhesion, and/or resistance to chipping. While some nail polishcompositions have provided better wear than others, a need remains fornail polish compositions providing long wear and employing plasticizersother than phthalate compounds.

Nail polish has, over the decades, been developed to have multi-facetedfunctionality. In addition to having functionality, polish must beaesthetically pleasing when applied to fingernails and toenails in orderto provide a desired color to the nails. The polish must also beresistant to chipping, cracking, splintering and peeling when subjectedto a wide range of environments. Over the years, nail polishes have beendeveloped which have these properties to varying degrees.

Nail polishes have typically included pigments and dyes that aresuspended in a viscous matrix. The viscous matrix typically includes afilm forming component and a plasticizer, namely dibutyl phthalate. Thenail polish has also included an adhesion promoter, a polymericcomponent formed by the condensation polymerization of formaldehyde orother sulfonamide formaldehyde resin.

It has been observed over the years that phthalates and aldehydecondensation product exposure has been undesirable for some usersbecause the users are sensitized to these materials. There has been aneffort to replace the polymeric component with other materials that donot cause a sensitization. However, the replacement materials haveproduced a nail polish that is deficient in features such as high gloss,defined color, long wear, chip resistance, nail flexibility andadherence.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One embodiment of the present invention includes a cosmetic film. Thefilm includes butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide, one or more primaryfilm forming polymers and one or more secondary film forming resins.

Another embodiment of the present invention includes a nail enamel. Theclear nail enamel includes butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide. Thenail enamel also includes a secondary film-forming polymer,nitrocellulose and a polyester resin.

One other nail enamel embodiment of the present invention is a colorednail enamel, that includes butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide in aconcentration of about 1 to 10 percent by weight; ethyl acetate in aconcentration of about 37 to 39 percent by weight; butyl acetate in aconcentration of about 19 to 26 percent by weight; nitrocellulose in aconcentration of about 11 to 14 percent by weight; isopropyl alcohol ina concentration of about 5 to 6 percent by weight; optionally, polyesterresin in a concentration of about 10 to 12 percent by weight;optionally, tosylamide/epoxy resin in a concentration of about 8 to 10percent by weight; stearalkonium hectorite in a concentration of about0.5 to 2 percent by weight; acrylic copolymer in a concentration ofabout 1.5 percent by weight; and coloring agents in a concentrationeffective to produce color.

Another embodiment of the present invention includes a nail enamel thatincludes a plasticizer and butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide (BIP)in a concentration effective for imparting to the nail enamel, adhesion,hardness and flexibility that is retained for at least about seven days,when the nail enamel is applied to a nail.

The present invention also includes a colored nail enamel, comprising:ethyl acetate; butyl acetate; nitrocellulose; isopropyl alcohol;tosylamide/epoxy resin; butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide in aconcentration of about 1 to about 10 percent by weight; and coloringagents.

The present invention also includes a method for making a cosmetic filmthat has a hardness, adhesion, and flexibility, gloss, and long shelflife, comprising:

-   -   providing one or more primary film forming polymers;    -   providing one or more secondary film forming resins;    -   providing butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide;    -   and blending the primary film forming polymer, secondary film        forming resin and butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide (BIP),        wherein the BIP has a weight percent concentration of about 1 to        10 weight percent to make a cosmetic film having a hardness,        adhesion, flexibility, gloss and long shelf life.

Another embodiment of the present invention is a method for coatingnails. The method includes providing a cosmetic film that includesbutylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide and applying the cosmetic film toone or more mammalian nail.

One other embodiment includes a colored nail enamel. The colored nailenamel includes an acetate, nitrocellulose, butylphthalimideisopropylphthalimide, tosylamide/epoxy resin and coloring agents.

Other embodiments include cosmetic films that comprise butylphthalimideisopropylphthalimide; films that comprise butylphthalimide; and filmsthat comprise isopropylphthalimide.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

One embodiment of the present invention includes a nail enamelcomposition that comprises butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide, BIP.The nail enamel of the present invention is, for some embodiments, freeof phthalates and, for some embodiments, free of aldehyde condensationproducts. The nail enamel composition also includes one or more primaryfilm forming polymers and one or more secondary film forming resins. Thenail enamel compositions of the present invention include primary filmforming polymers and combinations thereof in an amount ranging fromabout 5 to 20% by weight, and, for some embodiments, in the range ofabout 9 to 14% by weight.

In addition to the primary film forming polymer and secondary filmforming resin, the nail enamel compositions according to the presentinvention also include at least one plasticizer to soften and toplasticize the primary film forming polymer. The plasticizer as well ascombinations thereof, is in either liquid or solid form.

In its product aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide nailenamel compositions which are suitable for use as base coats, colorcoats, clear coats and protective top coats while maintaining thedesirable characteristics of the nail enamel compositions. The nailenamel compositions display good lastingness and chip resistance, andare safe to use with frequent applications.

The present invention includes a use of butylphthalimideisopropylphthalimide, Pelemol BIP, as a plasticizer in nail enamelcompositions. Hereinafter, Pelemol BIP is referred to as BIP. WhilePelemol BIP is described herein, it is believed that butylphthalimideand isopropylphthalimide, when obtained separately, can be blended toobtain a plasticizer suitable for use in the nail enamel of the presentinvention. It is also believed that butylphthalimide andisopropylphthalimide are individually usable as plasticizers in nailenamel compositions.

As used herein, the term, “cosmetic film” refers to a nail enamel usableas a base coat, color coat, clear coat and protective top coat. As usedherein, “lacquer,” “polish” and “enamel” are used interchangeably.

Referred to herein are trade names for materials including, but notlimited to, polymers and optional components. The inventors herein donot intend to be limited by materials described and referenced by acertain trade name. Equivalent materials (e.g., those obtained from adifferent source under a different name or catalog (reference) number)to those referenced by trade name may be substituted and utilized in themethods described and claimed herein. All percentages and ratios arecalculated by weight unless otherwise indicated. All percentages arecalculated based on the total composition unless otherwise indicated.All component or composition levels are in reference to the active levelof that component or composition, and are exclusive of impurities, forexample, residual solvents or by-products, which may be present incommercially available sources.

The cosmetic properties of the nail varnish of the present inventioninclude good adhesion to the surface of the nail. In addition, thevarnish film is homogeneous and glossy, and exhibits a degree offlexibility that prevents premature cracking and flaking off the nail.In order to obtain such properties, the varnish film is sufficientlysoft. This softness allows the film to withstand impact and deformationsof the matrix of the nail. However, the film retains an acceptabledegree of gloss and is sufficiently hard to prevent scratches andcracks. Nail enamel embodiments are believed to be resistant to crackingfor at least about ten days after application to a nail.

The film-forming polymers used in the lacquer of the present inventionare selected from polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosicpolymers, styrene-acryl copolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures,polysiloxanes, polyethers, polyesters, urethane-acryl copolymers,cellulose acetate propionate, siloxane-urethane copolymers,polyurethane-polymethacryl mixtures, silicone-acryl copolymers, vinylacetate polymers, and mixtures thereof. Exemplary secondary film formingresins usable in the formulations of the present invention include, forexample, toluene sulfonamide/epoxy resins, e.g. tosylamide andnon-drying alkyd resins, acrylic polymers and copolymers, polyurethane,polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosic polymers, styrene-acrylcopolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures, polysiloxanes, polyethers,polyesters, cellulose acetate propionate, urethane-acryl copolymers,siloxane-urethane copolymers, polyurethane-polymethacryl mixtures,silicone-acryl copolymers, vinyl acetate polymers, and mixtures thereof.It is also within the scope of the nail enamel compositions of thepresent invention to include aldehyde condensation products such asarylsulfonamide formaldehyde resins, specifically toluene sulfonamideformaldehyde resin which is a condensation product of formaldehyde andtoluene sulfonamide. These secondary film forming resins are added tothe nail enamel compositions of the present invention to strengthen andadd acceptable wear characteristics to the primary film forming polymer.In general, the amount of secondary film forming resin ranges form about2 to 20 percent by weight of the composition, and preferably, about 5 to12 percent of the composition.

Nitrocellulose is a primary film-forming component in some formulationembodiments of the present invention. A use of low levels ofnitrocellulose tends to result in the coated films being easily damaged.On the other hand, a use of high levels of nitrocellulose results in thecoated film being too hard and inflexible, resulting in undesirablepeeling and hence poor wear resistance.

Other satisfactory film-forming components include cellulose acetate,cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate, vinylpolymers, polyurethanes, and mixtures of polyurethanes with celluloseacetate butyrate or with nitrocellulose as well as methacrylate andacrylate type polymers. The film-forming component is present in anamount sufficient to provide a stable film upon the nail following theapplication of the nail enamel to the nail. In general, amounts of thefilm-forming component of about 8 to about 40 weight percent for someembodiments, and about 10 to about 15 weight percent for otherembodiments, are satisfactory. Examples of nitrocellulose are the socalled nitrocellulose RS ⅛ sec., RS ¼ sec., and nitrocellulose ½ sec,and nitrocellulose RS 5-6 sec. and 60-80 sec., which have higherviscosities than the earlier grades. The term “RS” refers to the brandof nitrocellulose with a nitrogen content of about 11.2 to 12.8 percentwith solubility in esters, ketones, and glycol ethers manufactured byGreenTree Technologies, previously known as Hercules, Inc. The terms ⅛sec., ½ sec, 5-6 sec, and so forth represent viscosity and refer to thetime it takes for a ball to fall a given depth in the material.Nitrocellulose is typically supplied in 70% concentrations, wet with 30%ethyl or isopropyl alcohol. As used in the present invention, thepercentage of nitrocellulose in a given composition is on a dry basis.

In one embodiment, the resins include Shin-Etsu KP-543 (acrylic-siliconeresin), Uniplex 670P (polyester resin), PCI Group Inc. Lacq-Hard LH-75(polyamide resin).

Suitable plasticizers are incorporated in the formulation to provideflexibility while exhibiting the wear and chip resistance and shelfstability needed for the composition. Without intending to be limited bytheory, it is believed that plasticizers cause a composition to becomemore easily deformed. Typically, plasticizers are needed in thecompositions of the present invention. The compositions of the presentinvention may comprise from 0% to about 15%, for some embodiments, from0% to about 10%, and in some embodiments, from about 0% to about 7%, byweight of the composition, of a plasticizer. One or more plasticizersare optionally added to the present compositions.

In one embodiment, the plasticizers include camphor, castor oil, UnitexChemical Corporation Uniplex 108 (N-ethyl-o/p-Toluenesulfonamide),Uniplex 125A (di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate), Uniplex 165 (diisobutylAdipate), Uniplex 260 (Glyceryl Tribenzoate), Uniplex 552(Pentaerytritrol tetrabenzoate), Phoenix Chemical Inc. Pelemol DIA(diisopropyl adipate), Pelemol TMEB-35 (Trimethylolethane Tribenzoate),Pelemol PTB-35 (Pentaerythyl Tetrabenzoate), Pelemol GTO (GlycerylTrioctanoate), Alzo International Dermol DPG-2B (Dipropylene glycoldibenzoate), Dermol B-246 (Benzyl Laurate Myristate/Palmitate), EastmanChemical Corporation TXIB (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanedioldiisobutyrate), SAIB (Sucrose acetate isobutyrate), Ferro Santicizer 160(Butyl Benzyl Phthalate), Velsicol Chemical Corporation Benzoflex 284(Propylene glycol dibenzoate, Dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, propyleneglycol monobenzoate) Benzoflex 354 (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanedioldibenzoate), Velate 368 (2-ethylhexyl benzoate), CasChem DIPA(diisopropyl adipate).

For some embodiments, plasticizers include Unitex Chemical CorporationUniplex PX5-115 (N-Alkyl Toluenesulfonamide), Phoenix Chemical Inc.Pelemol B166 (B1enzyl Benzoate), Eastman Chemical Corporation Triacetin(Glyceryl triacetate), Uniplex 82 Acetyl Tributyl Citrate.

The nail enamel compositions of the present invention include one ormore solvents such as those generally used in conventional nail enamelcompositions. Examples of these solvents include ethyl acetate, methylacetate, n-butyl acetate, iso-butyl acetate, propyl acetate, iso-propylacetate, amyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol, n-amyl alcohol, n-butylalcohol, iso-butanol, cellosolve, butyl cellosolve acetate, cellosolveacetate, methyl cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve,n-butanol, xylene, aromatic (containing phenyl groups), ethers, ketonesfor example acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, alkanes for example, pentane,cyclopentane, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, cyclic ethers for example,tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane, phenylated solvents for example,xylene, chlorinated hydrocarbons for example, methylene chloride,chloroform, glycol ethers, N-methylpyrrolidone alkyl lactate, andmethylchloroform. It is also contemplated that toluene, if desired, canbe included as a solvent or diluent for use in a nail enamel compositionin accordance with the compositions of the present invention.

The aforementioned solvents can be used alone or in mixtures thereof. Ingeneral, the amount of solvent used in the compositions of the presentinvention range from about 53 to 82% by weight, and, for someembodiments about 65 to 75% by weight. For some embodiments, organicsolvents are selected from alcohols and esters having between one andabout twenty-five carbon atoms. For some embodiments, alcohols aremonohydric. It is also contemplated that, if desired, monohydricalcohols are selected from ethanol, iso-propanol, and n-propanol. Forsome embodiments, esters are selected from ethyl acetate and butylacetate. For other embodiments, it is contemplated that polyhydricalcohols are usable.

The following are examples and Laboratory test results of enamels madeaccording to the invention. These examples and test results arepresented in order to illustrate features of particular embodiments ofthe present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of thepresent invention. TABLE 1 EXAMPLE 1 Clear Topcoat 1A 1B 1C WeightWeight Weight Ingredient percent percent percent Ethyl Acetate 40.0040.00 40.00 Butyl Acetate 21.00 21.00 21.00 Nitrocellulose (dry) 14.0014.00 14.00 Isopropyl alcohol 6.00 6.00 6.00 Polyester resin 12.00 12.0012.00 (75% solids) Dibutyl phthalate 7.00 — — Butylphthalimide — 7.00 —Isopropylphthalimide Acetyl tributylcitrate — — 7.00

The clear topcoat 1 B is a topcoat formulation of the present invention,having a butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide, BIP, concentration of7.00 percent by weight. The clear topcoat 1A is a control, having adibutyl phthalate component. The clear topcoat IC is a control, havingan acetyl tributylcitrate component.

Comparative mechanical film properties of Example 1 of the presentinvention were measured using a hardness test, adhesion test, andflexibility test as described herein.

Hardness: Using the Erichsen Pendulum Damping Tester Model 299/300according to Persoz. (NFT 30-016). A standard 6.0 mils wet filmthickness (W.F.T) Bird film applicator (MCD Industries) was used toapply films onto (4 ins X 6 ins) clean glass plates. The tests wereconducted on the films after air-drying at ambient temperature for thespecified times below. TABLE 2 Average # oscillations Time intervalafter initial application 1A 1B 1C 2 Hrs 23 26 26 24 Hrs. 50 53 58 48Hrs. 66 73 75 72 Hrs. 75 77 81 96 Hrs. 76 74 80 168 Hrs. 94 96 98Adhesion: Using Cross-Cut Tape Test to meet the standards of ASTM TestMethod D-3359 on 6.0 mils (W.F.T) applied to (4 ins X 6 ins) clean glasspanels. A standard 6.0 mils (W.F.T) Bird film applicator (MCDIndustries) was used to apply films onto (4 ins X 6 ins) clean glassplates. The tests were conducted on the films after air-drying atambient temperature for the specified times below.

Ratings of adhesion test results according to the classification:5=Best; 1=worst TABLE 3 Time interval after initial application 1A 1B 1C24 Hrs. 5B 5B 5B 48 Hrs. 5B 5B 5B 72 Hrs. 5B 5B 5B 96 Hrs. 5B 5B 5B 168Hrs. 5B 5B 5B

Flexibility: According to standards of ASTM Test Method D-522 and D1737. A standard 6.0 mils (W.F.T) Bird film applicator (MCD Industries)was used to 15 apply films onto clean aluminum panels (6 ins X 4 insMill Finish 3105H24 supplied by Q-panel Lab Products, Cleveland, Ohio).Coated panels were uniformly bent using the BYK-Gardner CylindricalMandrel. The tests were conducted on the films after air-drying atambient temperature for the specified times below. TABLE 4 Time intervalafter initial application 1A 1B 1C 24 Hrs. Good Good Good 48 Hrs. GoodGood Good 72 Hrs. Good Good Good 96 Hrs. Good Good Good 168 Hrs. GoodGood Good

The mechanical tests illustrated that the topcoat formulationperformance of the formulation of the present invention was at least asgood, when measured in terms of hardness, adhesion, and flexibility, asthe performance of the topcoat free of BIP and containing dibutylphthalate and the topcoat free of BIP and containing acetyltributylcitrate. The topcoat formulation of the present invention didnot produce any adverse effects in users.

The following are examples of compositions of colored nail enamel thatdemonstrate embodiments under the scope of the present invention. Thereare other possible variations that are within the scope and hence theseexamples are not to be construed as limitations. TABLE 5 EXAMPLE 2EXAMPLE 3 Red crème Mauve pearl shade nail enamel shade nail enamelIngredient Weight percent Weight percent Ethyl Acetate 38.410 37.950Butyl Acetate 25.600 25.300 Nitrocellulose (dry) 12.010 11.860 Isopropylalcohol 5.381 5.080 Tosylamide/epoxy resin 8.532 9.080 *Butylphthalimide7.498 6.850 Isopropylphthalimide Stearalkonium Hectorite 0.960 1.036Phosphoric acid 0.017 0.018 Benzophenone-1 0.175 0.188 Iron Oxide Red0.100 — Iron Oxide black 0.050 — D&C Red No. 7 Calcium Lake 0.539 — FD&CYellow#5 Aluminum Lake 0.234 — Titanium Dioxide 0.324 0.515 Dimethicone0.170 0.176 Bismuth Oxychloride — 0.400 Mica — 1.387 D&C Red No. 34 —0.160

Presented below is a summary of performance of specified plasticizerswhen used with BIP. The BIP concentration used was between 6.80 and 7.50percent by weight. The first table shows adhesion and hardness in a redcreme shade of nail enamel, made with polyester resin B75. The PelemolGTO formulation displayed a comparatively high hardness to the BIPformulation but a lower adhesion. The BIP in each of polyester resin B75and tosylamide/epoxy resin E75 displayed slight cracking at 168 hours.The Triacetin and BIP, Dermol DPG-2B and BIP, Pelemol DIA and BIP, andSanticizer 160 and BIP formulations displayed an adhesion that droppedoff over time and a hardness that was comparatively low up to about 48hours, but became greater over time. These formulations did not performas well as the BIP formulation. The GTB and BIP, TXIB and BIP, and BBand BIP formulations displayed strong adhesion and hardness over theperiod of the test. A similar performance was observed when aTosylamide/Epoxy Resin E75 was substituted for the Polyester Resin B75.These formulations displayed cracking within 24 to 48 hours.

In another test, plasticizer performance was measured in conjunctionwith BIP in a 75/25 weight ratio and Polyester Resin B75. Theperformance of the plasticizer with BIP in a 75/25 ratio was comparableto performance, as measured by adhesion and hardness, of formulations ofplasticizers and full strength BIP. The performance of plasticizers in aformulation with BIP in a 75/25 ratio and Tosylamide/Epoxy Resin E75was, in some instances, weaker than for full strength BIP formulationsor the formulation with BIP 75/25 and Polyester Resin B75. The PelemolGTO displayed a very low adhesion. Plasticizers that cracked within 24to 48 hours included Uniplex 365, Pelemol GTO, Uniplex 165A, andBenzoflex 284.

In one other test, plasticizers GTB, TXIB, BB and SAIB were measured ina formulation that included BIP in a 50/50 ratio and Polyester Resin B75and with BIP in a 50/50 ratio and Tosylamide Resin E75. The hardness andadhesion of enamels made with these formulations was substantially thesame as formulations made with full strength BIP. Each of theseformulations displayed cracking within 24 to 48 hours. Testing of thenail enamel was performed over a period of seven days. It is believedthat the nail enamel formulations that include BIP remain substantiallyfree of cracks for at least about 10 days. TABLE 6 EVALUATION OFPLASTICIZERS IN COMBINATION WITH BIP Plasticizer and Polyester Resin B75ADHESION HARDNESS Red crème shade 24 h 48 h 72 h 144 h 168 h 2 h 24 h 48h 72 h 144 h 168 h BIP 5 5 4 4 4 34 85 99 120 124 145 Dermol DPG-2B 5 33 3 2 41 97 107 129 145 142 Pelemol DIA 5 4 2 2 2 56 117 135 177 210 207Santicizer 160 5 4 3 2 2 36 105 109 140 161 155 GTB 4 4 4 4 4 46 107 118127 147 149 TXIB 4 4 4 4 4 70 149 164 166 187 184 BB 5 5 4 4 4 62 138149 157 171 173 SAIB 3 2 2 2 2 64 159 159 168 213 226 Triacetin 5 5 5 43 37 75 87 109 137 141 Uniplex 365 5 5 4 4 3 68 106 108 124 143 141Pelemol GTO 1 1 1 1 1 76 153 188 206 220 209 Uniplex 165A 3 3 2 2 2 98150 162 168 185 173 Benzoflex 284 5 4 4 3 2 45 94 116 121 155 139 Acetyltributyl citrate 5 4 4 4 3 48 121 133 155 163 165 Dibutyl phthalate 5 44 3 3 58 117 128 157 154 167

TABLE 7 Plasticizers and Tosylamide/Epoxy Resin E75 ADHESION HARDNESSRed crème shade 24 h 48 h 72 h 144 h 168 h 2 h 24 h 48 h 72 h 144 h 168h BIP 5 5 4 4 4 31 82 101 102 116 127 Dermol DPG-2B 5 5 5 5 5 38 97 106128 141 142 Pelemol DIA 5 4 4 4 3 53 128 145 184 210 205 Santicizer 1605 4 3 3 3 37 103 107 130 147 145 GTB 5 5 4 3 3 41 95 116 121 137 142TXIB 4 4 4 3 3 58 128 148 151 176 172 BB 5 5 5 4 4 51 120 138 144 176160 SAIB 3 3 2 2 2 57 149 171 182 176 213 Triacetin 5 5 5 4 4 34 71 9492 141 137 Uniplex 365 5 5 4 3 3 58 107 118 126 142 141 Pelemol GTO 5 55 4 4 71 161 191 200 210 209 Uniplex 165A 3 2 2 2 2 88 140 164 174 184181 Benzoflex 284 5 4 4 3 3 37 86 108 124 149 146 Acetyl tributylcitrate 5 5 5 5 4 33 110 128 146 152 155 Dibutyl phthalate 5 5 5 5 4 40123 138 148 153 159

TABLE 8 ADHESION HARDNESS Red crème shade 24 h 48 h 72 h 144 h 168 h 2 h24 h 48 h 72 h 144 h 168 h Plasticizer/BIP in a 75/25 ratio andPolyester Resin B75 Dermol DPG-2B 5 5 5 5 5 35 87 126 128 130 137Pelemol DIA 3 2 2 2 2 44 116 147 154 165 155 Santicizer 160 5 5 5 5 5 3798 131 144 155 148 Triacetin 5 5 5 5 5 37 86 93 119 133 133 Uniplex 3655 5 5 5 5 61 136 140 147 162 168 Pelemol GTO 3 3 2 2 1 61 116 123 132156 183 Uniplex 165A 5 5 5 5 5 83 151 168 175 180 186 Benzoflex 284 5 55 5 5 43 98 112 113 144 143 Plasticizer/BIP in a 75/25 ratio andTosylamide Resin E75 Dermol DPG-2B 5 4 3 3 3 41 89 123 136 141 135Pelemol DIA 5 4 4 3 3 36 103 147 160 169 164 Santicizer 160 5 4 4 3 3 3792 125 143 143 134 Triacetin 5 5 2 2 2 33 75 80 108 131 121 Uniplex 3655 5 3 2 2 47 170 114 148 160 151 Pelemol GTO 0 0 0 0 0 54 100 103 110130 128 Uniplex 165A 4 4 2 2 2 58 156 142 175 182 190 Benzoflex 284 4 43 2 2 35 88 95 126 141 140

TABLE 9 ADHESION HARDNESS Red crème shade 24 h 48 h 72 h 144 h 168 h 2 h24 h 48 h 72 h 144 h 168 h Plasticizer/BIP in a 50/50 Ratio andPolyester Resin B75 GTB 5 5 5 4 4 30 85 109 109 120 158 TXIB 5 5 4 4 437 97 118 121 119 131 BB 5 5 4 4 3 37 96 115 119 126 143 SAIB 5 5 3 3 334 105 118 139 165 167 Plasticizer/BIP in a 50/50 Ratio andTosylamide/Epoxy Resin E75 GTB 5 5 5 5 5 32 88 109 138 119 139 TXIB 5 55 5 4 36 94 118 128 135 143 BB 5 5 5 5 5 33 89 116 129 135 145 SAIB 5 55 5 5 36 103 138 148 166 174

The results for use of BIP to make a Pearl shade nail enamel are shownbelow. The BIP showed very good values for adhesion and hardness whenused with all of the resins tested. The BIP performance was better thanUniplex when used with Polyester Resin B75. The BIP performance wasbetter than Triacetin when used with Tosylamide Epoxy Resin E75. Aformulation of BIP in a 75/25 ratio and Polyester Resin B75 displayed aperformance better than Pelemol GTO and Dermol DPG-2B, when used as thesole plasticizer. A 50/50 ratio of BIP with Polyester Resin B75 in oneembodiment, and Tosylamide Epoxy Resin E75, in another embodiment,displayed results comparable to adhesion and hardness results shown withGTB, TXIB, BB and SAIB. TABLE 10 ADHESION HARDNESS Pearl shade 24 h 48 h72 h 144 h 168 h 2 h 24 h 48 h 72 h 144 h 168 h Plasticizers andPolyester Resin B75 BIP 5 5 5 5 5 37 82 118 120 138 146 GTB 5 5 5 5 5 43104 102 128 144 143 TXIB 4 4 3 3 3 74 130 143 154 193 183 BB 5 5 5 5 564 140 157 154 175 168 SAIB 4 4 4 4 4 69 162 179 168 204 210 DermolDPG-2B 5 4 3 3 2 33 86 86 118 143 137 Pelemol DIA 5 4 3 3 2 40 112 111153 186 176 Santicizer 160 5 4 3 3 2 45 114 125 132 156 166 Triacetin 55 5 5 5 35 83 108 122 147 143 Uniplex 365 5 5 5 5 5 66 128 160 149 157168 Pelemol GTO 5 5 5 4 4 74 148 200 213 200 219 Uniplex 165A 2 2 2 2 288 143 154 148 176 159 Benzoflex 284 5 5 5 5 5 34 83 101 133 154 155Acetyl tributyl citrate 5 5 5 5 5 42 108 129 154 159 160 Dibutylphthalate 5 5 5 5 5 48 120 131 159 159 158 Plasticizers andTosylamide/Epoxy Resin E75 BIP 5 5 5 5 5 27 78 101 112 129 134 GTB 5 5 55 5 32 98 116 118 113 146 TXIB 5 4 4 4 4 52 130 139 145 170 178 BB 5 5 55 5 48 117 138 141 160 168 SAIB 5 4 4 4 4 56 154 177 173 217 202 DermolDPG-2B 5 5 5 4 4 32 74 86 119 134 138 Pelemol DIA 5 4 3 3 3 42 120 169176 162 Santicizer 160 5 4 4 4 3 44 117 130 153 163 171 Triacetin 2 2 22 2 29 73 92 113 149 143 Uniplex 365 2 2 2 2 2 53 123 132 147 169 168Pelemol GTO 5 5 5 4 4 74 148 200 213 200 209 Uniplex 165A 5 5 4 3 3 89183 189 189 192 202 Benzoflex 284 5 5 5 5 5 34 83 101 133 154 155 Acetyltributyl citrate 5 5 5 5 5 33 110 128 146 152 155 Dibutyl phthalate 5 55 5 4 40 123 138 148 153 159

TABLE 11 Pearl shade Plasticizer/BIP in a 75/25 Ratio with PolyesterResin B75 Dermol DPG-2B 5 4 3 2 3 31 75 109 115 127 124 Pelemol DIA 5 42 3 2 40 107 128 151 151 142 Santicizer 160 5 4 4 4 3 40 91 124 148 148145 Triacetin 5 5 5 5 5 37 86 93 119 133 133 Uniplex 365 5 5 5 5 5 61136 140 147 162 168 Pelemol GTO 3 3 2 2 1 61 116 123 132 156 183 Uniplex165A 5 5 5 5 5 83 151 168 175 180 186 Benzoflex 284 5 5 5 5 5 43 98 112113 144 143 Plasticizer/BIP in a 75/25 Ratio with Tosylamide/Epoxy ResinE75 Dermol DPG-2B 5 5 4 4 3 30 69 110 123 131 120 Pelemol DIA 5 4 4 3 434 106 145 153 160 146 Santicizer 160 5 5 5 5 5 35 91 128 139 146 140Triacetin 5 5 5 5 5 31 79 83 132 156 153 Uniplex 365 5 5 5 5 5 49 115127 155 160 163 Pelemol GTO 5 5 5 5 5 52 126 139 137 192 190 Uniplex165A 5 5 5 5 4.5 65 150 168 180 186 193 Benzoflex 284 5 5 5 5 5 33 87 94122 140 139 Plasticizer/BIP in a 50/50 Ratio with Polyester Resin B75GTB 5 5 5 4 3 41 100 122 121 133 158 TXIB 5 5 4 4 4 37 97 118 121 119131 BB 5 5 4 4 3 37 96 115 119 126 143 SAIB 5 5 3 3 3 34 105 118 139 165167 Plasticizer/BIP in a 50/50 Ratio with Tosylamide Epoxy Resin E75 GTB5 5 5 5 5 37 86 114 128 140 153 TXIB 5 5 5 5 5 39 101 128 152 155 156 BB5 5 5 5 5 43 102 118 129 153 139 SAIB 5 5 5 4 4 45 114 134 139 158 167

Additional examples using Pelemol BIP in combination with GlycerylTriacetate TABLE 12 FORMULA FORMULA FORMULA FORMULA FORMULA Red crèmeshade EC FC GC HC¹ IC² Ethyl Acetate 41.271 41.238 41.386 41.262 41.262Butyl Acetate 22.234 22.200 22.282 22.218 22.218 Nitrocellulose (dry) ¼sec R.S 9.603 9.603 6.005 9.603 9.603 ½ sec R.S 2.407 2.407 6.005 2.4072.407 Isopropyl alcohol 5.380 5.380 5.150 5.15 5.15 Tosylamide/epoxyresin 8.532 7.644 7.644 7.644 8.880 Butylphthalimide 7.498 7.498 7.4982.983 4.488 isopropylphthalimide Acrylic-silicone copolymer 0.000 0.9550.955 0.955 0.955 Glyceryl Triacetate 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.516 3.010Stearalkonium Hectorite 0.960 0.960 0.960 0.960 0.960 Benzophenone-10.175 0.175 0.175 0.175 0.175 Iron Oxides 0.153 0.153 0.153 0.153 0.153Phosphoric acid 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 0.017 D&C Red No. 6 0.673 0.6730.673 0.673 0.673 D&C Red No. 7 Calcium Lake 0.539 0.539 0.539 0.5390.539 Titanium Dioxide 0.324 0.324 0.324 0.324 0.324 FD&C Yellow No. 5Aluminum Lake 0.234 0.234 0.234 0.234 0.234ratios of BIP/Glyceryl TriacetateC = crème shadeP = Pearl shade(1) Formula HC: Ratio of BIP/GTA - 40/60(2) Formula IC: Ratio BIP/GTA- 60/40(3) Formula HP: Ratio of BIP/GTA 30/70(4) Formula IP: Ratio of BIP/GTA 50/50

TABLE 13 TEST RESULTS Red Crème shade FORMULA FORMULA FORMULA FORMULAFORMULA EC FC GC HC IC Hardness: 2 Hrs. 25 26 24 22 23 24 Hrs. 60 65 6155 53 48 Hrs. 72 80 77 63 67 72 Hrs. 83 91 88 70 74 144 Hrs. 119 119 11996 101 168 Hrs. 122 139 136 119 122 Adhesion: 24 Hrs. 5 5 5 5 5 48 Hrs.5 5 5 5 5 72 Hrs. 5 5 5 5 5 144 Hrs. 4 5 5 5 5 168 Hrs. 4 5 5 5 5Flexibility: 24 Hrs. Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok 48 Hrs. Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok 72 Hrs. OkCracked Ok Ok Ok 144 Hrs. Stretched Cracked Ok Ok Ok 168 Hrs. CrackedCracked Cracked Cracked Crackedratios of BIP/Glyceryl TriacetateC = crème shadeP = Pearl shade(1) Formula HC: Ratio of BIP/GTA - 40/60(2) Formula IC: Ratio BIP/GTA- 60/40(3) Formula HP: Ratio of BIP/GTA 30/70(4) Formula IP: Ratio of BIP/GTA 50/50

TABLE 14 FORMULA FORMULA FORMULA FORMULA FORMULA Pearl shade EP FP GPHP³ IP⁴ Ethyl Acetate 40.581 40.576 40.576 40.576 40.576 Butyl Acetate21.853 21.849 21.849 21.849 21.849 Nitrocellulose (dry) ¼ sec R.S 11.85811.858 5.929 11.858 11.858 ½ sec R.S 5.929 Isopropyl alcohol 5.082 5.0825.082 5.082 5.082 Tosylamide/epoxy resin (solids) 9.081 8.081 8.0818.081 8.081 Butylphthalimide 6.854 6.854 6.854 2.081 3.427isopropylphthalimide Acrylic-silicone copolymer solids) 0.000 1.0091.009 1.009 1.009 Glyceryl Triacetate 0.000 0.000 0.000 4.772 3.427Stearalkonium Hectorite 1.036 1.036 1.036 1.036 1.036 BismuthOxychloride 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 Dimethicone 0.176 0.176 0.176 0.1760.176 Iron Oxides 0.811 0.811 0.811 0.811 0.811 Benzophenone-1 0.1880.188 0.188 0.188 0.188 Phosphoric acid 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018 0.018Mica 1.387 1.387 1.387 1.387 1.387 D&C Red No. 34 0.160 0.160 0.1600.160 0.160 Titanium Dioxide 0.515 0.515 0.515 0.515 0.515

TABLE 51 TEST RESULTS Pearl shade FORMULA FORMULA FORMULA FORMULAFORMULA EP FP GP HP³ IP⁴ Hardness: 2 Hrs. 21 25 24 21 22 24 Hrs. 64 6463 49 51 48 Hrs. 76 84 81 64 68 72 Hrs. 99 98 93 74 77 144 Hrs. 126 121126 109 108 168 Hrs. 128 140 139 125 126 Adhesion: 24 Hrs. 5 5 5 5 5 48Hrs. 5 5 5 5 5 72 Hrs. 5 5 5 5 5 144 Hrs. 5 5 5 5 5 168 Hrs. 5 5 5 5 5Flexibility: 24 Hrs. Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok 48 Hrs. Ok Ok Ok Ok Ok 72 Hrs. Ok OkOk Ok Ok 144 Hrs. Stretched Stretched Stretched Ok Ok 168 Hrs. Sl.Cracked Sl. Cracked Stretched Ok Ok

Testing of the red creme shade and the pearl shade was performed toconfirm that BIP formulations are usable in formulations containing avariety of types and concentrations of coloring agents. The red cremeformulations displayed lesser adhesion and flexibility than pearl shadeformulations. This performance parallels a tendency for the red cremeshade to chip more easily in phthalate-based formulations.

The nail enamel embodiments of the present invention are made byblending the BIP into the formulation alone, or, optionally, with otherplasticizers. Other ingredients are added in accordance with methodsknown to those skilled in the art. The nail enamel is dispensed intocontainers. The containers typically have applicators that are anintegral part of the container or that are packaged with the container.One type of applicator is a brush. The enamel is applied to nails as abase coat or a topcoat.

A consumer use study was conducted on the mauve pearl shade. The studyincluded seven test subjects. The two products tested included aformulation that included BIP and that was phthalate-free and aformulation that included phthalates. There was no difference detectedbetween the two products for overall wear and chipping. Gloss andappearance were also comparable, although a preference for the gloss ofthe BIP containing formula was noted in the laboratory.

Each of any foregoing patents, patent applications and referencesdescribed herein is incorporated by reference in its entirety. Havingdescribed particular embodiments in accordance with the presentinvention, it is believed that other modifications, variations andchanges will be suggested to those skilled in the art in view of theteachings set forth herein. It is, therefore, to be understood that allsuch variations, modifications, and changes are believed to fall withinthe scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

1. A cosmetic film, comprising butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide;one or more primary film forming polymers and one or more secondary filmforming resins.
 2. The cosmetic film of claim 1, further comprising amodifying plasticizer.
 3. The cosmetic film of claim 1 wherein thesecondary film-forming polymers are selected from the group consistingof polyurethanes, polyacryls, polymethacryls, cellulosic polymers,styrene-acryl copolymers, polystyrene-polyacryl mixtures, polysiloxanes,polyesters, polyethers, cellulose acetate propionate, urethane-acrylcopolymers, siloxane-urethane copolymers, vinyl acetate polymers, andmixtures thereof.
 4. The cosmetic film of claim 1 wherein the secondaryfilm forming polymers are selected from a group consisting ofacrylic-silicone resin, polyester resin, and polyamide resin.
 5. Thecosmetic film of claim 2 wherein the modifying plasticizer is selectedfrom the group consisting of N-ethyl-o/p-Toluenesulfonamide,di-(2-ethylhexyl)adipate, diisobutyladipate, glyceryl tribenzoate,pentaerytritrol tetrabenzoate, diisopropyl adipate, trimethylolethanetribenzoate, pentaerythyl tetrabenzoate, glyceryl trioctanoate,dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, benzyl laurate myristate/palmitate,2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate, sucrose acetateisobutyrate, butyl benzyl phthalate, propylene glycol dibenzoate,dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, propylene glycol monobenzoate,2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol dibenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl benzoate,diisopropyl adipate, N-alkyl toluene sulfonamide, benzyl benzoate,glyceryl triacetate, and acetyl tributyl citrate.
 6. The cosmetic filmof claim 1, further comprising one or more solvents.
 7. The cosmeticfilm of claim 6 wherein the solvent is selected from a group consistingof ethyl acetate, methyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, iso-butyl acetate,propyl acetate, iso-propyl acetate, amyl acetate, ethanol, isopropanol,n-amyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, iso-butanol, cellosolve, butylcellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, n-butanol, xylene, aromatic ethers,ketones, methyl ethyl ketone, alkanes, cyclopentane, hexane, heptane,cyclohexane, cyclic ethers, phenylated solvents, chlorinatedhydrocarbons, and toluene.
 8. A nail enamel, comprising:butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide; a secondary film forming polymer;nitrocellulose; and a polyester resin.
 9. A colored nail enamel,consisting essentially of butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide in aconcentration of about 1 to 10 percent by weight; ethyl acetate in aconcentration of about 37 to 39 percent weight; butyl acetate in aconcentration of about 19 to 26 percent weight; nitrocellulose in aconcentration of about 11 to 14 percent weight; isopropyl alcohol in aconcentration of about 5 to 6 percent by weight; optionally, polyesterresin in a concentration of about 12 percent by weight; optionally,tosylamide/epoxy resin in a concentration of about 8 to 10 percent byweight; stearalkonium hectorite in a concentration of about 0.5 to 2percent by weight; optionally, acrylic copolymer in a concentration ofabout 1.5 percent by weight; and coloring agents in a concentrationeffective to produce color.
 10. A nail enamel, comprising: a plasticizerand butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide (BIP) in a concentrationeffective for imparting to the nail enamel, adhesion, hardness andflexibility that is retained for at least about 7 days, when the nailenamel is applied to a nail.
 11. The nail enamel of claim 10, whereinthe resin is either a tosylamide/epoxy resin or a polyester resin. 12.The nail enamel of claim 10 wherein the nail enamel is substantiallyfree of cracking for at least about 7 days after application to a nail.13. The nail enamel of claim 1 wherein the enamel is substantially freeof phthalates.
 14. A colored nail enamel, comprising: ethyl acetate;butyl acetate; nitrocellulose; isopropyl alcohol; tosylamide/epoxyresin; butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide in a concentration of about1 to about 10 percent by weight; and coloring agents.
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 21. Acosmetic film, comprising butylphthalimide isopropylphthalimide.
 22. Acosmetic film, comprising butylphthalimide.
 23. A cosmetic film,comprising isopropylphthalimide.